[Neurovascular decompression in trigeminal neuralgia: Functional outcome]. / Descompresión neurovascular en neuralgia trigeminal: resultado funcional.

INTRODUCTION: The most frequent pathology of the fifth cranial nerve is trigeminal neuralgia (TN), characterized by unilateral orofacial pain, of a paroxysmal nature, with distribution in one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. The main objective of this work is to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of neurovascular decompressive surgery (NVD). METHODS: Retrospective analytical study, patients operated on for NVD by TN (n: 155), from January 2006 - 2022, using a retrosigmoid approach and clinicalradiological follow-up, whose intraoperative recording was in 3D system (n: 42). RESULTS: 83.3% (n=35) presented classic NT and 16.7% (n = 7) idiopathic. The right side prevailed with 59.5% (n = 25) and paroxysmal pain with 81% (n=34) of representation in the entire series. Compression of arterial origin represented 76.2% (n: 32) of the cases, the superior cerebellar artery represented the first cause of neurovascular compression (NVC) in 52.4% (n: 22) in the exit zone of the trigeminal nerve. The validity of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol selected for this series was analyzed; evidencing a high sensitivity of MRI with 97%, and a specificity of 86%. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity and specificity of highdefinition MRI studies and with special protocols for the evaluation of TN, as gold standard paraclinical, were presented. The DNV offered safe results, a high percentage of the patients were described as successful. The 3D recording allowed retrospective analysis with a vision identical to that of the surgeon during the intraoperative period, the type of NVC.

Introducción: La afección más frecuente del V nervio craneal es la neuralgia del trigémino (NT), se caracteriza por dolor orofacial unilateral, paroxístico, distribuyéndose en una o más divisiones del nervio trigémino. El objetivo de presente trabajo es demostrar la eficacia y seguridad de la cirugía descompresiva neurovascular (DNV). Métodos: Estudio analítico retrospectivo, pacientes intervenidos para DNV por NT (n: 155), desde enero de 2006 - 2022, mediante un abordaje retrosigmoideo y seguimiento clínico-radiológico, cuyo registro intraoperatorio fue en sistema 3D (n: 42). Resultados: 83.3% (n=35) presentó NT clásica y 16.7% (n = 7) idiopática. La mayoría con afectación del lado derecho 59.5% (n = 25) y el dolor paroxístico con 81% (n = 34). La compresión de origen arterial representó 76.2% (n: 32) de los casos, la arteria cerebelosa superior representó la primera causa de compresión neurovascular (CNV) en un 52.4% (n:22) en la zona de salida del nervio trigémino. Se analizó la validez del protocolo de resonancia magnética (RM) seleccionado para esta serie; evidenciando una alta sensibilidad de la RM con 97%, y una especificidad del 86%. Conclusión: Se demostró la sensibilidad y especificidad de los estudios de resonancia magnética (RM) de alta definición y con protocolos especiales para la evaluación de la NT, como paraclínico estándar de oro. La DNV ofreció resultados seguros, un alto porcentaje de los pacientes se calificaron como exitosos. El registro 3D permitió analizar en retrospectiva con una visión idéntica a la del cirujano durante el intraoperatorio, el tipo de CNV.

Measuring the Delay in the Referral of Unstable Vertebral Metastasis to the Spine Surgeon: A Retrospective Study in a Latin American Institution.

Background: The delay in the referral of patients with potential surgical vertebral metastasis (VM) to the spine surgeon is strongly associated with a worse outcome. The spinal instability neoplastic score (SINS) allows for determining the risk of instability of a spine segment with VM; however, it is almost exclusively used by specialists or residents in neurosurgery or orthopedics. The objective of this work is to report the delay in surgical consultation of patients with potentially unstable and unstable VM (SINS >6) at our center. Material: We performed a 5-year single-center retrospective analysis of patients with spine metastasis on computed tomography (CT). Patients were divided into Group 1 (G1), potentially unstable VM (SINS 7-12), and Group 2 (G2), unstable VM (SINS 13-18). Time to surgical referral was calculated as the number of days between the report of the VM in the CT and the first clinical assessment of a spinal surgeon on the medical records. Results: We analyzed 220 CT scans, and 98 met the selection criteria. Group 1 had 85 patients (86.7%) and Group 2 had 13 (13.3%). We observed a mean time to referral of 83.5 days in the entire cohort (std = 127.6); 87.6 days (std = 135.1) for G1, and 57.2 days (std = 53.8) for G2. The delay in referral showed no significant correlation with the SINS score. Conclusion: We report a mean delay of 83.5 days in the surgical referral of VM (SINS >6, n = 98). Both groups showed cases of serious referral delay, with 25% of patients having the first surgical consultation more than three months after the CT study.

Carbon-Assisted Minimally Invasive Transtubular Approach for Intercostal Nerve Schwannoma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The intraoperative localization of an intercostal nerve schwannoma (INS) is extremely difficult because the lesion is generally not palpable, and the fluoroscopic visualization of anatomic landmarks in the ribs is unsatisfactory. Using activated carbon suspension to mark the soft-tissue approach could improve INS localization. We present a novel, simple, reproducible carbon-assisted minimally invasive transtubular approach for an INS. METHODS: The patient was a 57-year-old man with a painful 12th left INS arising below the floating rib. A computed tomography image-guided, tumor-to-skin marking with aqueous carbon suspension was performed 48 hours before surgery. A minimally invasive transtubular approach following the carbon path allowed a precise tumor location. RESULTS: The INS was completely removed. The patient's thoracic radicular pain was immediately relieved after surgery. He was discharged the following day with residual numbness on the left thoracic side. At the 5-year follow-up, no tumor recurrence was noted in the control MRI. CONCLUSION: This article presents an alternative novel technique for resecting an intercostal schwannoma. Using a transtubular approach with carbon-marking assistance allowed a tumor gross total resection with immediate pain relief and a successful outcome.

Risk Factors Related to Transient Diabetes Insipidus Development Following Transsphenoidal Pituitary Adenoma Resection: A Multicentric Study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and find risk factors associated with developing transient diabetes insipidus (DI) using a multicenter case series after trans-sphenoidal surgery. METHODS: Medical records of patients who underwent trans-sphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenoma resection between 2010 and 2021 at 3 different neurosurgical centers by 4 experienced neurosurgeons were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups (DI group or control group). Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk factors associated with postoperative DI. Univariate logistic regression was performed to identify variables of interest. Covariates with a P value <0.05 were incorporated into multivariate logistic regression models to identify independently associated risk factors for DI. All statistical tests were conducted using RStudio. RESULTS: A total of 344 patients were included; 68% were women, the mean age was 46.5 years, and nonfunctioning adenomas were the most frequent (171, 49.7%). The mean tumor size was 20.3 mm. Covariates associated with postoperative DI were age, female gender, and gross total resection. The multivariable model showed that age (odds ratio [OR] 0.97, CI 0.95-0.99, P = 0.017) and female gender (OR 2.92, CI 1.50-6.03, P = 0.002) remained significant predictors of DI development. Gross total resection was no longer a significant predictor of DI in the multivariable model (OR 1.86, CI 0.99-3.71, P = 0.063), suggesting that this variable may be confounded by other factors. CONCLUSIONS: The independent risk factors for the development of transient DI were female and young patients.

Resiliencia en gestantes adolescentes del Caribe colombiano: evaluación con la escala de Wagnild y Young / Resilience in pregnant adolescents of the Colombian Caribbean, evaluation with the Wagnild and Young scale

RESUMEN Introducción: las adolescentes presentan cambios biológicos y reciben influencias sociales que las predisponen a quedar embarazadas a temprana edad. Objetivo: evaluar la resiliencia en un grupo de gestante adolescentes para estimar la frecuencia del NRB (nivel de resiliencia bajo) e identificar factores psicosociales asociados. Metodología: estudio transversal en gestantes adolescentes que acudieron a consulta prenatal en Cartagena, Colombia. Se aplicó un cuestionario de características sociodemográficas y es-calas sobre resiliencia, familismo, religiosidad, espiritualidad, funcionalidad familiar, violencia de pareja, felicidad y autoestima. Se compararon dos grupos: NRB y NRAM (nivel de resiliencia alto/moderado). Se realizó una regresión logística multivariada para identificar los factores asociados al NRB. Resultados: se estudiaron 499 gestantes adolescentes con una edad promedio de 17 años. La mitad de ellas pertenecían a familias disfuncionales. Sesenta y cuatro (12,8 %) tuvieron un NRB con factores asociados como bajo familismo OR: 4,736 (IC 95 %: 2,673-8,392), baja autoestima OR: 4,257 (IC 95 %: 1,363-13,295), disfunción familiar OR: 3,902 (IC 95 %: 2,052-7,422), violencia de pareja OR: 2,689 (IC 95 %: 1,082-6,678), deficiente espiritualidad OR: 2,503 (IC 95 %: 1,461-4,287) y reducida felicidad OR: 2,063 (IC 95 %: 1,214-3,506). Conclusión: en una ciudad del Caribe colombiano, en trece de cada cien gestantes adolescentes que acu-den a consulta prenatal, se encontró NRB; disfunción familiar, violencia de pareja en el embarazo, deficien-te perspectiva espiritual, reducida felicidad subjetiva, familismo y nivel de autoestima bajos se observaron asociados.

SUMMARY Introduction: Adolescents present biological changes and receive social influences which predispose them to pregnancies at early age. Objective: To evaluate resilience in a group of pregnant adolescents, to estimate the frequency of low resilience level and identify associated psychosocial factors. Methodoly: Cross-sectional study in pregnant adolescents who went to prenatal visit in Cartagena, Colombia. A sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire and validated scales on resilience, familism, religiosity, spirituality, family functionality, partner violence, happiness and selfesteem were applied. Two groups were compared: high/moderate resilience level (HMRL) and low resilience level (LRL). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with LRL. Results: 499 pregnant adolescents were studied, average age 17 years, half belonging to dysfunctional families. Sixty four (12,8%) had LRL and were associated factors: low familism OR: 4,736 (IC95%: 2,673-8,392), low self-esteem OR: 4,257 (IC95%: 1,363-13,295), family dysfunction OR: 3,902 (IC95%: 2,052-7,422), partner violence OR:2,689 (IC95%: 1,082-6,678), poor spirituality OR: 2,503 (IC95%: 1,461-4,287) and reduced happiness OR: 2,063 (IC95%: 1,214-3,506). Conclusion: In a city of the Colombian Caribbean, in thirteen of every one hundred pregnant adolescents who attend to prenatal visit, LRL was found. Family dysfunction, partner violence in pregnancy, poor spirituality, reduced subjective happiness, low familism and low level of selfesteem, were associated with LRL.

Ventriculitis associated with extraventricular drainage: etiology, diagnosis and treatment focused on neurocritic care units.

Ventriculitis after extraventricular drainage is a very important neurosurgical complication in neurocritical care units. It is necessary to make an early diagnosis, given that the morbidity and mortality secondary to it can be variable, and complicate the evolution of neurocritical patients. Despite this, ventriculostomy continues to be an important pillar in monitoring and treatment. Given the urgency of ventriculitis associated with multiresistant germs, new antimicrobial drugs have emerged as part of the treatment, as intraventricular routes have been proposed within the new investigations. However, the foregoing does not yet have sufficient bases to be able to support it. The present review was carried out with the aim of contributing to an early diagnosis and treatment of ventriculitis associated with extra ventricular drainage in neurocritical patients, and in this way to contribute to improve survival and prevent fatal outcomes in these patients.

La ventriculitis posterior a un drenaje extraventicular constituye una complicación neuroquirúrgica muy importante en las unidades de cuidados neurocríticos. Se hace necesario realizar un diagnóstico precoz, dado que la morbimortalidad secundaria a esta puede ser variable y complicar la evolución de los pacientes neurocríticos. A pesar de esto, la ventriculostomía continúa siendo un pilar importante en el monitoreo y el tratamiento. Ante la urgencia de ventriculitis asociadas a gérmenes multirresistentes han surgido nuevos fármacos antimicrobianos como parte del tratamiento, al igual que se han propuesto vías intraventriculares dentro de las nuevas investigaciones. Sin embargo, lo anterior aún no tiene bases suficientes para poder ­sustentarlo. La presente revisión se realizó con el objetivo de contribuir a un diagnóstico precoz y al tratamiento de la ventriculitis asociada a drenaje extraventricular en pacientes neurocríticos, y de esta forma poder mejorar la sobrevida y prevenir desenlaces fatales en estos pacientes.

Violencia doméstica en adolescentes embarazadas: caracterización de la pareja y prevalencia de las formas de expresión / Domestic violence in pregnant adolescents: characterization of the partners and prevalence ofthe different forms of expression / Violência doméstica em adolescentes grávidas: caracterização do casal e prevalência das formas de expressão

Introducción: El embarazo en adolescentes y la violencia doméstica (VD) son problemas mundiales, cuya prevalencia está influenciada por factores culturales. Objetivo: caracterizar a las embarazadas adolescentes y a sus parejas sexuales y determinar la prevalencia de VD psicológica, física y sexual. Metodología: estudio transversal en 406 adolescentes colombianas gestantes. Se registraron las características sociodemográficas y se aplicaron las escalas Are you being abused? y Abuse Assessment Screen. La primera establece la VD por la pareja y la segunda, la VD en alguna época, en el último año o en el embarazo. Resultados: edad: 16,5 ± 1,5 años; 92,9 % en adolescencia tardía; promedio de escolaridad 9 años; deserción escolar al quedar en embarazo: 50,0 %; dependencia de los padres antes y después del embarazo: 70,0 %. Frecuencia de VD por la pareja 7,1 %; VD física 6,7 %; VD psicológica 3,7 % y VD sexual 2,2 %. VD por la pareja, el marido u otra persona: 12,4 %; maltrato físico o emocional por la pareja u otra persona: 21,7 %; miedo a la pareja: 3,4 %. El consumo de alcohol todos los fines de semana por la pareja fue un factor significativo de riesgo para VD. Conclusión: es alta la frecuencia de VD contra las adolescentes embarazadas y el consumo de alcohol por parte de la pareja es un factor de riesgo importante para sufrirlá.

Introduction: Pregnancy in adolescents and domestic violence (DV) are worldwide problems. Their prevalence is influenced by cultural factors. Objectives: To characterize pregnant adolescents and their sexual partners, and to determine the prevalence of psychological, physical and sexual DV. Methodology: Cross-sectional study of 406 Colombian pregnant teenagers. Socio-demographic data were collected, and the scales “Are you being abused?” and “Abuse Assessment Screen” were applied. The former identifies domestic violence by the partner, and the latter, DV at any moment, the last year or during pregnancy. Results: Age: 16.5 ± 1.5 years, 92.9 % were in late adolescence, average years of schooling: nine; 50 % dropped out from school when they became pregnant; 70 % depended on their parents, both before and after pregnancy. DV by the partner: 7.1 %; physical DV: 6.7 %; psychological DV: 3.7 %; sexual DV: 2.2 %. DV by partner/husband/other person: 12.4 %; physical or emotional abuse by partner/another person: 21.7 %; fear from the partner: 3.4 %. There was significant association between alcohol consumption by the partner every weekend and DV. Conclusion: Frequency of DV against pregnant adolescents is high and alcohol consumption by the partner is an important risk factor for it.

Introdução: A gravidez em adolescentes e a violência doméstica (VD) são problemas mundiais, cuja prevalência está influenciada por fatores culturais. Objetivo: Caracterizar às grávidas adolescentes e a seus parceiros sexuais e determinar a prevalência de VD psicológica, física e sexual. Metodologia: Estudo transversal em 406 adolescentes colombianas gestantes. Se registraram as características sócio-demográficas e se aplicaram as escalas are you being abused? e Abuse Assessment Screen. A primeira estabelece a VD pelo companheiro e a segunda, a VD em alguma época, no último ano ou na gravidez. Resultados: Idade: 16,5 ± 1,5 anos; 92,9 % em adolescência tardia; média de escolaridade 9 anos; deserção escolar ao ficar grávida: 50,0 %; dependência dos pais antes e depois da gravidez: 70,0 %. Frequência de VD pelo companheiro 7,1 %; VD física 6,7 %; VD psicológica 3,7 % e VD sexual 2,2 %. VD pelo companheiro, o marido ou outra pessoa: 12,4 %; maltrato físico ou emocional pelo companheiro ou outra pessoa: 21,7 %; medo do companheiro: 3,4 %. O consumo de álcool todos os fins de semana pelo casal foi um fator significativo de risco para VD. Conclusão: É alta a frequência de VD contra as adolescentes grávidas e o consumo de álcool por parte do companheiro é um fator de risco importante para sofrê-la.

Prevalencia de baja autoestima y nivel de resiliencia bajo, en gestantes adolescentes de poblaciones del caribe colombiano / Prevalence of low self-esteem and low level of resilience in pregnant teenagers from populations of the Colombian Caribbean

INTRODUCCIÓN: El embarazo en la adolescencia es un importante problema de salud pública, con repercusiones médicas, psicológicas y sociales, relacionado con el inicio coital temprano sin protección anticonceptiva. OBJETIVO: Estimar la prevalencia de baja autoestima (BAE) y nivel de resiliencia bajo (NRB), en un grupo de gestantes adolescentes. MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo transversal en gestantes adolescentes, del departamento de Bolívar, Caribe Colombiano. Se utilizó formulario para identificar características socio-demográficas de las gestantes y su compañero, historia gineco-obstétrica, estado psicoemocional con la gestación, apoyo familiar y de pareja. Se incluyó la escala de autoestima de Rosenberg y la de resiliencia de Wagnild y Young. RESULTADO: 406 gestantes adolescentes. Edad media: 16,5±1,5. La gran mayoría abandonó la escuela al quedar embarazada. La puntuación media de autoestima: 27,8±3,9. El 76,8% tuvieron nivel normal de autoestima y el 23,2% BAE (p<0,05). La puntuación promedio de resiliencia: 125,0±17,8. El 8,6% tuvo nivel de resiliencia alto, 57,2% nivel de resiliencia moderado y 34,2% NRB (p<0,05). Hubo correlación positiva significativa de resiliencia con: autoestima, edad de la gestante, edad del compañero, edad del primer coito, años entre primera relación sexual y edad de la gestante, años entre menarquia y primera relación coital, años entre menarquia y la edad de quedar en embarazo, años de estudio, número de controles prenatales y de ecografías acompañada por el compañero. La autoestima solo se correlacionó positiva y significativamente con la edad de la gestante. Las gestantes adolescentes que no se sentían felices o no tenían apoyo del compañero, tuvieron un significativo NRB (OR: 3,7[IC95%:1,3-10,3]). CONCLUSIÓN: La prevalencia para BAE fue de 23,2% y de 34,2% para NRB. Estos resultados señalan que se debe efectuar intervención durante el embarazo en adolescentes para elevar los niveles de autoestima y de resiliencia.

INTRODUCTION: Teenage pregnancy is a major problem of public health with medical, psychological and social consequences associated with early initiation of intercourse without sufficient contraceptive protection. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of Low Self-esteem (LSE) and Low Level of Resilience (LLR) in a group of pregnant adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional study carried out in adolescents, in urban and rural areas of the department of Bolivar in the Colombian Caribbean pregnant. A questionnaire was applied to identify sociodemographic characteristics of the pregnant women and their partners, gynecological and obstetrical history, health history, psycho-emotional state with pregnancy, family support and partner. The Rosenberg self-esteem scale and Wagnild and Young resilience scale were included. RESULTS: Participated 406 pregnant adolescents. The average age was: 16.5±1.5 years. A large majority left school when they became pregnant. The average self-esteem score was 27.8±3.9. The 76.8% of pregnant women had normal level of self-esteem and LSE 23.2% (p<0.05). The average score resilience was 125.0±17.8. The 8.6% had higher level of resilience, 57.2% moderate level of resilience and 34.2% LLR (p<0.05). Statistically significant positive correlation was estimated resilience: self-esteem, age of pregnancy, age of partner, age at first intercourse, years between first intercourse and the age of pregnancy, years between menarche and first intercourse, years between menarche and age to get pregnant, years of education, number of prenatal ultrasounds and accompanied by the partner. Only self-esteem was positively correlated significantly with the age of the mother. Pregnant adolescents who did not feel happy or do not have support from partner have a significant LLR (OR 3.7[95%CI: 1.3-10.3]). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of LSE was 23.2% and 34.2% for LLR. These results indicate that intervention should be performed during adolescent pregnancy to raise levels of self-esteem and resilience.

Climaterio: oleadas de calor y otrossíntomas en indígenas Zenúes colombianas / Climacteric hot flashes and other symptoms in Colombian Zenúes indigenous / Climatério: ondas de calor e outros sintomas em indígenas colombianas Zenúes

Introducción: las oleadas de calor (OC) son un importante indicio con prevalencia diferente según etnias, del estado menopáusico. El objetivo de nuestra investigación fue evaluar la frecuencia y severidad de OC, y estimar en mujeres sintomáticas el riesgo de otros síntomas menopáusicos concomitantes. Método: estudio transversal como parte del proyecto CAVIMEC (Calidad de Vida en la Menopausia y Etnias Colombianas), realizado con la escala ‘MenopauseRating Scale’ en indígenas colombianas Zenúes, resguardo de San Andrés deSotavento, (Córdoba, Colombia), con edades entre 40 y 59 años. El análisis de los resultados se realizó en Epi-Info. 3.5.1 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, EEUU; 2008).Resultados: 596 (86.0%) de las 693 involucradas presentaron OC y solo el 1% mostró manifestación severa. Las mujeres sintomáticas tenían 51.2±5.7 años; escolaridad 4.6±4.6 años; 88.4% con pareja 98,2% con hijos, y 14.9% usaban terapia hormonal. 4.5% premenopáusicas, 12.6% perimenopáusicas y 62.9%posmenopáusicas. La prevalencia de OC moderada + severa, se incrementó con los cambios en el estado menopáusico. Fueron factores de riesgo la baja escolaridad y una edad mayor a 45 años. Sequedad vaginal, problemas vesicales y sexuales tuvieron elevado OR para presentarse concomitantemente en un modelo ajustado. Conclusión: fue elevada la presencia de OC en Zenúes, pero baja la presencia de síntomas severos. Los síntomas urogenitales tuvieron importante presencia concomitante.

Introduction: hot flashes (HF) are an important clue with different prevalence by ethnicity, menopausal status. The aim of our research was to evaluate the frequency and severity of HF, and estimate the risk of symptomatic women other menopausal symptoms attendant.Method: cross-sectional study as part of the CAVIMEC (Quality of Life Menopause and Colombian Ethnic groups), performed with the scale 'Menopause Rating Scale' in Colombian Zenues indigenous shelter of San Andrés de Sotavento, (Cordoba, Colombia), aged between 40 and 59 years. The analysis of the results was performed using Epi-info. 3.5.1 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA, 2008).Results: 596 (86.0%) of the 693 involved had HF and only 1% had severe manifestation. Symptomatic women were 51.2 ± 5.7 years, education 4.6 ± 4.6 years, 88.4% with 98.2% couples with Children, and 14.9% used hormone therapy. 4.5% premenopausal, 12.6% perimenopausal and postmenopausal 62.9%.HF prevalence moderate + severe increased with changes in the menopausal state. Risk factors were low education and age older than 45 years. Vaginal dryness, bladder and sexual problems were presented concomitantly elevated HFor an adjusted model.Conclusion: the presence of HF was elevated in Zenues but low presence of severe symptoms. Urogenital symptoms had concomitant significant presence.

Introdução: as ondas de calor (OC) são um indicio importante, que variam segundo etnias, do estado menopáusico. O objetivo de nossa pesquisa foi avaliar a frequência e severidade das OC, e estimar em mulheres sintomáticas o risco de outros sintomas menopáusicos concomitantes.Método: estudo transversal como parte do projeto CAVIMEC (Qualidade de Vida na Menopausa e Etnias Colombianas), realizado con a escala Menopause Rating Scale' em indígenas colombianas Zenúes, resguardo de San Andrés de Sotavento, (Córdoba, Colômbia), com idades entre 40 e 59 anos. A análise dos resultados foi feita em Epi-Info. 3.5.1 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, EEUU; 2008).Resultados: 596 (86.0%) das 693 envolvidas apresentaram OC e só 1% apresentou manifestação severa. As mulheres sintomáticas tinham 51.2±5.7 anos; escolaridade 4.6±4.6 anos; 88.4% com companheiro, 98,2% com filhos, e 14.9% usavam terapia hormonal. 4.5% premenopáusicas, 12.6% perimenopáusicas e 62.9% posmenopáusicas.A prevalencia de OC moderada mais severa, se incrementou com as mudanças no estado menopaúsico. Foram fatores de risco a baixa escolaridade e uma idade superior a 45 anos. Secura vaginal, problemas vesicais e sexuais liberam elevado OR presentes concomitantemente em um modelo ajustado.Conclusão: foi elevada a presença de OC en Zenúes, mas baixos os síntomas severos. Os síntomas urogenitais tiveram importante presença concomitante.

Prevalencia de insomnio y deterioro de la calidad de vida en posmenopáusicas que presentan oleadas de calor residentes en el Caribe Colombiano / Prevalence of insomnia and quality of life for post-menopausal women suffering hot flushes living in the Colombian Caribbean region

Objetivo: comparar la prevalencia subjetiva de insomnio y del deterioro severo de la calidad de vida en un grupo de mujeres posmenopáusicas que presentan oleadas de calor, con la obtenida en otro grupo con ausencia de las mismas. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal en 589 mujeres posmenopáusicas, 40-59 años de edad, que hacen parte del estudio Calidad de vida en la menopausia y etnias colombianas (Cavimec). Se compararon mujeres que referían oleadas de calor con otras que no tenían dicha sintomatología. Para evaluar la calidad de vida se utilizó la Menopause Rating Scale, y para el insomnio la Athens Insomnia Scale. Resultados: el 49,2% (290/589) de las mujeres manifestaron experimentar oleadas de calor y la prevalencia de insomnio para todo el grupo fue del 34,8% (IC 95%: 31,0-38,8%). En el grupo de mujeres menopáusicas con oleadas de calor la prevalencia de insomnio fue del 45,5% (IC 95%: 37,9-51,4%) mientras en el grupos sin oleadas de calor fue del 24,4% (IC 95%: 19,7-29,7%). Las oleadas de calor aumentan 2,07 veces el riesgo de insomnio. La prevalencia de deterioro severo de la calidad de vida fue del 17,2% (IC 95%: 13,1-22,1%) en las mujeres con oleadas de calor y del 1,7% (IC 95%: 0,5-3,9%) en las mujeres sin oleadas de calor. Conclusiones: fue más prevalente el insomnio y el deterioro severo de la calidad de vida en mujeres con oleadas de calor, que entre aquellas libres de dicha manifestación.

Objective: Comparing the prevalence of subjective insomnia and severe deterioration in the quality of life in a group of postmenopausal women suffering from hot flushes to that obtained in another group not suffering from hot flushes. Materials and methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 589 40-59-year-old postmenopausal women forming part of a quality of life study covering menopause and Colombian ethnic groups (Cavimec). Women suffering hot flushes were compared to others who were not suffering such symtomatology. The menopause rating scale was used for evaluating the quality of life and the Athens insomnia scale for insomnia. Results: 49.2% (290/589) of the women stated that they had suffered from hot flushes and the prevalence of insomnia for the whole group was 34.8% (31.0-38.8 95%CI). The prevalence of insomnia was 45.5% (37.9-51.4 95%CI) in the group of menopausal women suffering hot flushes whilst prevalence in groups in which hot flushes had not occurred was 24.4% (19.7-29.7 95%CI). Hot flushes increased the risk of insomnia 2.07 times. The prevalence of severe deterioration in the quality of life was 17.2% (13.1-22.1 95%CI) in women suffering hot flushes and 1.7% (0.5-3.9 95%CI) in women without them. Conclusions: Insomnia and severe deterioration in the quality of life was more prevalent in women suffering hot flushes than in women free from such manifestation.